23考研题源外刊阅读《新科学家》双语精读版训练




23考研题源外刊阅读《新科学家》双语精读版训练

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上期翻译答案

But funds were slow in coming, with Russia’s invasion of Ukraine among other crises drawing attention from the disaster in the Horn, humanitarian workers said.

但人道主义工作者说,资金募集速度很慢,但由于俄罗斯在乌克兰展开特别军事行动等一系列危机事件,使得非洲之角的灾难未能引起人们的关注。

《本期内容》

双语阅读

Ripplesand imperfections in liquid crystals like those found in TVs could be used to build a new type of computer. Žiga Kos at the University of Ljubljana in Slovenia and Jörn Dunkel at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology have proposed alternatives for the basic building blocks of computers using so-callednematicliquid crystals rather than electronics.

就像电视出现的一样,液晶中的水波纹和缺陷可以用来制造一种新型的计算机。斯洛文尼亚卢布尔雅那大学的Žiga Kos和麻省理工学院的Jörn Dunkel提出了替代计算机基本构建模块电子元器件的方式,即使用一种名为向列相液晶的东西。

Liquid crystalsconsist ofrod-shaped molecules thatslosharound like a fluid, and in those that are nematic the molecules are mostly parallel to each other. For devices like TV screens, the odd molecule that faces the wrong way has to be removed during the manufacturing process, but these defects are key for building a liquid crystal computer, says Kos.

液晶是由杆状的分子组成,它们像液体一样四处晃动,而向列相这种分子大多彼此平行。Kos表示,对于像电视屏幕这样的设备,在制造过程中必须去除朝向错误的奇电子分子,但这些缺陷是制造液晶电脑的关键。

In ordinary computers, information is stored as a series of bits, electronic versions of 1s and 0s. In Kos and Dunkel’s liquid crystal computer, the information would instead be translated into a series of defective orientations. A liquid crystal defect could encode a different value for every different degree ofmisalignmentwith other molecules.

普通计算机中,信息是以一系列的位(计算机最小存储单元)存储的,也即电子版本的1和0。在科斯和邓克尔的液晶计算机中,将信息转化为一系列朝向有缺陷的分子。翻译划线句,长按文末小程序码打卡,答案下期公布~

Electric fields could then be used to manipulate the molecules to perform basic calculations, similar to how simple circuits calledlogic gateswork in an ordinary computer. Calculations on the proposed computer would appear as ripples spreading through the liquid.

电场可以用来操纵分子进行基本的计算,类似于在普通计算机中被称为逻辑门的简单电路的工作原理。在新构想的计算机上的计算将会像水波纹一样在液体中扩散。

Liquid crystals are familiar materials as we spend a lot of time looking at screens, says Thomas Machon at the University of Bristol in the UK, but the new study shows that they could be used in a very different way – to imitate quantum computers.

英国布里斯托尔大学的托马斯·马尚表示,当我们花大量时间看屏幕时,液晶是一种常见的材料,但这项新研究表明,可以以一种非常不同的方式利用液晶——即模仿量子计算机。

本文节选自:New Scientist (新科学家)

发布时间:2022.08.19

作者:Karmela Padavic-Callaghan

原文标题:Computer made from liquid crystals would ripple with calculations

词汇积累

1.nematic

英/ nɪˈmætɪk /美/ nəˈmætɪk /

adj.(液晶)[晶体] 向列的

2.slosh

英/ slɒʃ /美/ slɑːʃ /

vi.溅,泼;在泥中荡

vt.搅动,晃动;把……泼溅出

n.泥泞;溅泼声

3.misalignment

英/ ˌmɪsəˈlaɪnmənt /美/ ˌmɪsəˈlaɪnmənt /

n.不重合;未对准

4.ripple

英/ ˈrɪp(ə)l /美/ ˈrɪpl /

n.涟漪;(外观或运动)如波纹的东西;(声音的)传播起伏,(感情的)逐渐扩散;连锁反应;彩条冰淇淋;表面张力波;脉动

v.(使)如波浪般起伏;(情绪)波动,(声音)荡漾;发出潺潺声

词组搭配

1.consist of 由…组成;由…构成;包括

2.logic gates 逻辑闸;逻辑门电路库

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